A study on the manuscript (The Solar Treatise on Logical Rules). 1. Introduction of the Author Name: Najm al-Din Omar bin Ali al-Qazwini al-Katibi (d. 675 AH / 1277 AD). His Status: One of the great scholars of logic and philosophy in the 7th Hijri century. He studied under Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and was a contemporary of Nasir al-Din al-Tusi. His Field of Interest: Philosophy, logic, theology. 2. Introduction to the Solar Treatise Subject: An educational text on the science of logic. Reason for the Name: The author composed it for Prince Shams al-Din al-Juwayni, so it was named the "Solar" treatise. It became one of the fundamental texts in the science of logic in the Islamic world. It was studied for many centuries in the Nizami schools, Al-Azhar, Al-Zaytuna, and Al-Qarawiyyin. It has had dozens of commentaries and marginalia written on it (such as the commentary of Qutb al-Din al-Razi, the marginalia of Jalal al-Din al-Dawani, and the marginalia of al-Mibadhi). The book consists of several basic sections: 1. Introductions: Definition of logic and its purpose. 2. Words: Definitions, terms, the five universals. 3. Propositions: Assertions, conditionals, predicables. 4. Syllogism: Its types and components. 5. Proof, Dialectic, Rhetoric, and Sophistry: Methods of inference and their domains. Script: Old Naskh, appears to be from approximately the 11th or 12th Hijri century (preliminary estimate). Paper: Old Eastern paper, showing signs of moisture and stains, indicating the age of the copy. Annotations: Presence of margins and marginalia in a smaller script, reflecting its use in teaching. Conclusion: It shows a seal or signature of the scribe, with a traditional concluding prayer, which adds to its documentary value. It represents a part of the Islamic educational heritage in logic. It reveals the traditional teaching method, where texts are written in clear script, and marginalia and commentaries are added in the margins. The manuscript has 226 pages. Kindly send offers via private message. You can check my page for similar listings of rare and heritage items.